Anti-aging is the goal pursued by modern people. NAD+ (silamide adenine dinucleotide) that participates in long-lasting protein activation is a derivative of vitamin B3. It is very popular because it is considered to have anti-aging functions. Health foods containing NR (silamide ribose) and NMN (silamide mononucleotide) are also sold in hot spots. But in science, are all the precursors of NAD+ as good as NAD+? This requires serious research to be proved one by one.

Recently published animal experiments at the University of Missouri, the United States found that the proportion of tricycline breast cancer cells transferred to the brain in mice taking NR was higher, which caused domestic and foreign media to express their concern. However, after reviewing the study, domestic students believed that this study had many restrictions, and more human studies were being conducted. If cancer patients can stop eating it first, watch it for a while, and wait for the publication of human studies. As for ordinary healthy people, up to 1 gram per day, some people have confirmed that the data is safe.

Zhang Wenwei, a professor in the Department of Biological Medicine at Zhongshan Medical University, said that vitamin B3 originally refers to niacin (niacin, or nicotinic). acid), tobacco acid can react with some enzymes and turn into NAD+, and NR can also react with different enzymes and turn into NAD+, so NR is also considered a vitamin B3.

Zhang Wenwei said that the current effects of NR are divided into insulin sensitivity, liver health, cardiovascular health, long-term poverty, improvement of neurodegenerative diseases, and fighting infections. Most of the results are seen in animal experiment models, but the results in human research are not that good. However, some studies have found that the elderly take 1 gram of NR a day for 21 days, and NR can be detected in muscle tissues and the inflammation factors in the blood are reduced.

Zhang Wenwei pointed out that because aging is usually accompanied by a vicious cycle of organizing inflammation, when studies have found that NR can reduce inflammation factors in the blood, NR is considered to have the potential to resist aging. A double-blind randomly distributed test was used to test NR. The side effects were still mild. Therefore, NR was considered safe and many health foods were born.

Yang Naicheng, associate professor in the Department of Nutrition at Zhongshan Medical University, said that long-lasting protein Sirtuin requires NAD+ as its body, and NAD+ is a product in the process of vitamin B3 regeneration, so vitamin B3 is set to have anti-aging functions, and people use a series of organic anti-aging As a result, NR is one of them, but there are many researches on NMN, and the NR certificate is not sufficient. I still don’t know what the ideal dose is just effective. Many animal and human trials are still underway. The research topics include anti-aging, neuroprotection, fat loss, etc.

Yang Naichen pointed out that this study at the University of Missouri is a "high dose animal study". If the adult weighs 70 kg, it will take 3,300 mg (3.3 grams). Currently, the single dose of vitamin B3 is 1,000 mg more. This animal experiment showed that high dose of NR may cause cancer cells to transfer, and consumers are advised not to increase the dose by themselves.

Zhang Wenwen said that it would be too early to recommend that NR cannot be eaten with this study, because the study was published in a journal in chemistry and focused on quantifiable new imaging agent technology, so the design of animal experiment models has not been very serious, with at least three problems.

First, the mice studied did not self-develop terrestrial breast cancer and self-development to the brain, but instead injected terrestrial breast cancer cells directly into the heart, making it easy to move out, which is very different from human cancer and transfer processes. Second, researchers only used brain ray reactions to represent some transformations, but did not use the golden standard "pathological slices" to confirm that there are really cancer cells in the brain. Third, the researchers did not analyze the proportion of brain transfer between mice who took NR and did not take NR using a statistical method. Only the absolute value was compared. In other words, they said that taking NR groups were higher. However, after Zhang Wenwei added the cardio square to confirm the determination, the difference between the two groups did not reach a statistically significant.

Zhang Wenwen pointed out that in the past, there were more serious research on animal experiment models, which showed opposite results from the current research. A Spanish-UK-China cooperative study published in "Cancer Cell" in 2014 showed that mice with hepatocellular carcinoma used NR to reduce DNA damage caused by oxidative pressure, and instead reduced hepatocellular carcinification.

Above all, Zhang Wenwei suggested that the public should know that health foods are not effective and cannot cure diseases. Cancer patients should discuss and evaluate with doctors to see if they really need to take them. If they have any concerns about related research, don’t eat them. Although healthy people do not need to worry too much, they should still follow the recommended dose of NR, not exceeding 1 gram per day.